3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, refers to the process of creating a physical object by adding material layer by layer, according to a digital model. This is in contrast to traditional manufacturing processes, such as casting and machining, which involve removing material from a solid block.

3D printing technology has been around for several decades, but has become more widely available and accessible in recent years due to advancements in materials, software, and hardware. 3D printing can be used to create a wide range of objects, from simple toys and figurines to complex mechanical parts and medical implants.

The potential applications of 3D printing are vast and can have a significant impact on a wide range of industries, such as manufacturing, construction, aerospace, and healthcare. For example, 3D printing can be used to create customized products on-demand, reduce waste in the manufacturing process, and speed up product development.

However, 3D printing also raises some challenges, such as the need to ensure the quality and safety of printed objects, the need to protect intellectual property rights, and the potential impacts on employment and the global supply chain. Addressing these challenges will be critical to realizing the full benefits of 3D printing for society and the economy.