Glossary of Pump Terms: T
Tandem seals: Two mechanical seals positioned in the same direction with a low-pressure barrier fluid between them.
TDH: Total Discharge Head. The combined value of the static (differential) head and friction loss in a system.
Tensile strength: The amount of force required to break a material when it is pulled apart in an axial direction.
Test baseplate: A specially designed support structure used during the performance testing of a pump in a dedicated test well.
Test curve: A graphical representation illustrating the outcomes of a performance test.
Thermal conductivity: A property of a material that indicates its ability to conduct heat.
Thermal imaging: The use of an infrared camera to capture images of machinery and identify areas with elevated temperatures.
Thermoplastic: A type of plastic material that can be melted and reshaped multiple times without undergoing significant changes in its properties. Often used in injection molding processes.
Thermosetting: Unlike thermoplastics, thermosetting materials can only be melted and molded once. Once they cool and set, they cannot be re-melted without losing their properties.
Thixotropic fluid: A fluid whose viscosity decreases with agitation, such as non-drip paint.
Thrust: The axial movement of the rotor. At startup, the thrust can occur in either direction depending on the balance of the rotor/impeller assembly.
Thrust bearing: A bearing designed to support axial loads and provide axial positioning for the rotor.
TIR: Total Indicator Runout (see below).
Torque: The tendency of a force to rotate an object around an axis.
Torr: A traditional unit of pressure historically equivalent to one “millimeter of mercury” in a barometer.
Torsional critical speed: The resonant frequency associated with the torsional deflection of a rotor, distinct from the lateral critical speed.
Total dynamic head: This term has been replaced by and is equivalent to “Total Head”.
Total head: The overall energy or pressure produced by the pump. It is calculated by subtracting the suction head from the discharge head.
Total indicator runout (TIR): The measurement of runout (non-true shaft movement) manually obtained using a dial indicator.
Total static head: The difference between the discharge pressure and the suction static head, including any variation in surface pressures between the discharge and suction tanks if pressurized.
Transducer: A device that converts mechanical movements, such as vibrations, into electrical signals for measurement or recording purposes.
Transferring: The act of moving a substance, typically a liquid, from one location to another.
Trip speed: A predetermined speed at which an automatic shutdown mechanism is triggered to protect the pump from damage caused by overloading.
Tungsten carbide: An inorganic compound composed of equal parts tungsten and carbon. It is significantly harder than steel and commonly used as a durable hard face seal material.
Turbulence: In fluid dynamics, the state of non-laminar flow characterized by chaotic movement and eddies.
Turbulent: Describes the behavior of fluid particles that are not following laminar flow, instead exhibiting irregular and unpredictable motion within a generally directional flow.
Two plane balancing: The process of balancing a rotor/impeller system in two planes to eliminate residual unbalance.
Two-stage pump: A pump configuration featuring two impellers operating in series, with the discharge from the first stage serving as the input for the second stage.
Two-way balance: A method for balancing seals in two directions to ensure optimal performance.
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